Object Permanence and the Relationship to Sitting Development in Infants with Motor Delays

DOI

10.1097/PEP.0000000000000909

Document Type

Journal Article

Publication Date

7-1-2022

Publication Title

Pediatric Physical Therapy

Volume

34

Issue

3

First Page

309

Last Page

316

ISSN

8985669

Keywords

motor delay, object permanence, reliability, sitting, validity

Abstract

Purpose: This study examines object permanence development in infants with motor delays (MD) compared with infants with typical development (TD) and in relation to sitting skill. Methods: Fifty-six infants with MD (mean age = 10 months) and 36 with TD (mean age = 5.7 months) were assessed at baseline and then at 1.5, 3, and 6 months postbaseline. A scale was developed to measure object permanence (Object Permanence Scale [OPS]), and the Gross Motor Function Measure sitting subsection (GMFM-SS), and the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, 3rd Edition (Bayley-III) were administered. Results: Interrater reliability of the OPS was excellent and correlation between the OPS and Bayley-III cognitive scores was moderately positive. Compared with TD, infants with MD were delayed in development of object permanence but demonstrated increased understanding over time and as sitting skills improved. Conclusion: In children with MD, object permanence, as quantified by the OPS, emerges in conjunction with sitting skill.

Open Access

Hybrid_Gold

Link to Full Text

Share

COinS