Antimicrobial Activity of Nitric Oxide-Releasing Ti-6Al-4V Metal Oxide

DOI

10.3390/jfb8020020

Document Type

Journal Article

Publication Date

6-21-2017

Publication Title

Journal of functional biomaterials

Volume

8

Issue

2

ISSN

2079-4983

Keywords

Escherichia coli, S-nitroso-penicillamine, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Ti-6Al-4V, nitric oxide, self-assembled monolayers

Abstract

Titanium and titanium alloy materials are commonly used in joint replacements, due to the high strength of the materials. Pathogenic microorganisms can easily adhere to the surface of the metal implant, leading to an increased potential for implant failure. The surface of a titanium-aluminum-vanadium (Ti-6Al-4V) metal oxide implant material was functionalized to deliver an small antibacterial molecule, nitric oxide. -nitroso-penicillamine, a -nitrosothiol nitric oxide donor, was covalently immobilized on the metal oxide surface using self-assembled monolayers. Infrared spectroscopy was used to confirm the attachment of the -nitrosothiol donor to the Ti-Al-4V surface. Attachment of -nitroso-penicillamine resulted in a nitric oxide (NO) release of 89.6 ± 4.8 nmol/cm² under physiological conditions. This low concentration of nitric oxide reduced and growth by 41.5 ± 1.2% and 25.3 ± 0.6%, respectively. Combining the -nitrosothiol releasing Ti-6Al-4V with tetracycline, a commonly-prescribed antibiotic, increased the effectiveness of the antibiotic by 35.4 ± 1.3%, which allows for lower doses of antibiotics to be used. A synergistic effect of ampicillin with -nitroso-penicillamine-modified Ti-6Al-4V against was not observed. The functionalized Ti-6Al-4V surface was not cytotoxic to mouse fibroblasts.

Open Access

OA

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